Makina osungira amasiku ano samangokulira pa terabits komanso amakhala ndi mitengo yayikulu yosinthira deta, komanso amafunikira mphamvu zochepa komanso amakhala ndi malo ocheperako.Machitidwewa amafunikanso kugwirizanitsa bwino kuti apereke kusinthasintha.Okonza amafunikira maulalo ang'onoang'ono kuti apereke mitengo yofunikira lero kapena mtsogolo.Ndipo chizolowezi kuyambira kubadwa mpaka chitukuko ndipo pang'onopang'ono okhwima ali kutali ndi ntchito ya tsiku.Makamaka mumakampani a IT, ukadaulo uliwonse umakhala ukuyenda bwino komanso ukusintha wokha, monganso mafotokozedwe a Serial Attached SCSI (SAS).Monga wolowa m'malo wofanana ndi SCSI, mafotokozedwe a SAS akhalapo kwakanthawi.
M'zaka zomwe SAS yadutsa, ndondomeko zake zakhala zikuyenda bwino, ngakhale kuti ndondomekoyi yasungidwa, kwenikweni palibe zosintha zambiri, koma ndondomeko za cholumikizira chakunja zasintha zambiri, zomwe ndi kusintha kopangidwa ndi SAS kuti igwirizane ndi malo amsika, ndi "masitepe owonjezereka opita ku mailosi chikwi" mosalekeza, mafotokozedwe a SAS akukula kwambiri.Zolumikizira zamitundu yosiyanasiyana zimatchedwa SAS, ndipo kusintha kuchokera ku kufanana kupita ku serial, kuchokera kuukadaulo wa SCSI kupita kuukadaulo wolumikizana ndi SCSI (SAS) wasintha kwambiri chiwembu chowongolera chingwe.SCSI yofananira yam'mbuyo imatha kugwiritsa ntchito njira imodzi kapena yosiyanitsira pamayendedwe 16 mpaka 320Mb/s.Pakalipano, mawonekedwe a SAS3.0 omwe amapezeka kwambiri m'malo osungirako malonda akugwiritsidwabe ntchito pamsika, koma bandwidth imathamanga kawiri kuposa SAS3 yomwe siinakonzedwe kwa nthawi yaitali, yomwe ndi 24Gbps, pafupifupi 75. % ya bandwidth wamba PCIe3.0 × 4 solid-state drive.Cholumikizira chaposachedwa cha MiniSAS chomwe chikufotokozedwa mu SAS-4 ndi chocheperako ndipo chimalola kachulukidwe kwambiri.Cholumikizira chaposachedwa cha Mini-SAS ndi theka la kukula kwa cholumikizira choyambirira cha SCSI ndi 70% kukula kwa cholumikizira cha SAS.Mosiyana ndi chingwe choyambirira cha SCSI chofananira, onse a SAS ndi Mini SAS ali ndi mayendedwe anayi.Komabe, kuwonjezera pa liwiro lapamwamba, kachulukidwe kakang'ono, komanso kusinthasintha, palinso kuwonjezeka kwa zovuta.Chifukwa chocheperako cholumikizira, wopanga chingwe choyambirira, cholumikizira chingwe, ndi wopanga makina amayenera kuyang'anitsitsa magawo a kukhulupirika kwa siginecha pagulu lonse la chingwe.
Sikuti onse ophatikiza zingwe amatha kupereka zizindikiro zothamanga kwambiri kuti akwaniritse zofunikira zaumphumphu wamakina osungira.Zophatikiza zingwe zimafunikira mayankho apamwamba komanso otsika mtengo pamakina aposachedwa osungira.Kuti apange misonkhano yokhazikika, yokhazikika ya zingwe zothamanga kwambiri, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa.Kuwonjezera pa kusunga khalidwe la makina ndi kukonza, okonza ayenera kumvetsera kwambiri zizindikiro za kukhulupirika kwa chizindikiro zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zingwe zamakono zokumbukira kwambiri zitheke.
Kutsimikizika kwa chizindikiro (Ndi chizindikiro chanji chomwe chakwanira?)
Zina mwazinthu zazikulu za kukhulupirika kwazizindikiro zimaphatikizapo kutayika kwa kuyika, kuyandikira kumapeto ndi kumapeto kwakutali, kutayika kubwerera, kupotoza kwa skew kwa kusiyana kwapakati mkati, ndi matalikidwe amitundu yosiyanasiyana kumayendedwe wamba.Ngakhale kuti zinthuzi n’zogwirizana komanso zimakhudzana, tikhoza kuganizira chinthu chimodzi pa nthawi kuti tiphunzire mmene zimakhudzira.
Kutayika koyika (Zomwe zimayendera pafupipafupi Zoyambira 01- zochepetsera)
Kutayika koyikirako ndiko kutayika kwa matalikidwe a siginecha kuchokera kumapeto kwa chingwe kupita kumalo olandirira, omwe amagwirizana mwachindunji ndi pafupipafupi.Kutayika koyikirako kumadaliranso nambala ya waya, monga momwe tawonetsera pazithunzi zochepetsera pansipa.Pazigawo zazifupi zamkati za chingwe cha 30 kapena 28-AWG, chingwe chamtundu wabwino chiyenera kukhala chocheperako kuposa 2dB/m pa 1.5GHz.Kwa 6Gb / s SAS yakunja yogwiritsa ntchito zingwe za 10m, chingwe chokhala ndi mzere wapakati wa 24 chimalimbikitsidwa, chomwe chimakhala ndi 13dB yokha ku 3GHz.Ngati mukufuna maginiti ochulukirapo a ma data pamitengo yokwera kwambiri, tchulani chingwe chocheperako pama frequency apamwamba a zingwe zazitali.
Crosstalk (High Frequency Parameters Basics 03- Crosstalk magawo)
Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimatumizidwa kuchokera ku siginecha imodzi kupita ku ina.Kwa zingwe za SAS, ngati crosstalk ya pafupi-kumapeto (NEXT) siing'ono mokwanira, imayambitsa zovuta zambiri zamalumikizidwe.Muyezo wa NEXT umapangidwa kumalekezero amodzi a chingwe, ndipo ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimasamutsidwa kuchokera pagulu la siginecha yotulutsa kupita kumalo olandila.Far-end crosstalk (FEXT) imayezedwa ndi kubaya chizindikiro kwa awiriawiri otumizirana kumapeto kwa chingwe ndikuwona kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yomwe yatsalira pa siginecha yotumizira kumapeto kwina kwa chingwe.
ZOTSATIRA mu msonkhano wa chingwe ndi cholumikizira nthawi zambiri zimayamba chifukwa cha kusalekanitsa koyipa kwa ma siginecha awiriawiri, zomwe zitha kuyambitsidwa ndi malo ogulitsira ndi mapulagi, kuyika pansi kosakwanira, kapena kusagwira bwino kwa malo otsekera chingwe.Wopanga makina amayenera kuwonetsetsa kuti cholumikizira chingwe chathana ndi zinthu zitatuzi.
Mapiritsi otayika a zingwe za 100Ω wamba za 24, 26, ndi 28
Kumanga chingwe chamtundu wabwino molingana ndi "SFF-8410-Specification for HSS Copper Testing and Performance Requirements" yoyezedwa NEXT iyenera kukhala yosakwana 3%.Pankhani ya s-parameter, NEXT iyenera kukhala yayikulu kuposa 28dB.
Kutaya Kubwerera (Zomwe Zikhazikiko Zapamwamba Kwambiri 06- Kutaya Kubwerera)
Kutaya kobweza kumayesa kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimawonekera kuchokera kudongosolo kapena chingwe pamene siginecha ibayidwa.Mphamvu zowonetserazi zitha kupangitsa kutsika kwa matalikidwe a siginecha kumapeto kwa chingwe ndipo zingayambitse zovuta za kukhulupirika kwa chizindikiro pamapeto otumizira, zomwe zingayambitse vuto losokoneza ma elekitiroma pamakina ndi opanga makina.
Kutayika kobwereraku kumayambitsidwa ndi kusagwirizana kwa impedance mu msonkhano wa chingwe.Pokhapokha pochiza vutoli mosamala kwambiri, kusokoneza kwa chizindikiro sikungasinthe pamene akudutsa pazitsulo, pulagi ndi mawaya, kotero kuti kusintha kwa impedance kuchepetsedwa.Muyezo waposachedwa wa SAS-4 umasinthidwa kukhala ± 3Ω poyerekeza ndi ± 10Ω ya SAS-2, ndipo zofunikira za zingwe zabwino ziyenera kusungidwa mkati mwa kulekerera kwadzina kwa 85 kapena 100 ± 3Ω.
Kupotoza kwa skew
Mu zingwe za SAS, pali kupotoza kuwiri: pakati pa awiriawiri osiyana ndi mkati mwa awiriawiri osiyana (chizindikiro chosiyana cha chiphunzitso cha umphumphu).Mwachidziwitso, ngati ma siginecha angapo alowetsedwa kumapeto kwa chingwe, ayenera kufika kumapeto kwina nthawi imodzi.Ngati zizindikirozi sizifika nthawi yomweyo, chodabwitsachi chimatchedwa skew kupotoza kwa chingwe, kapena kuchedwa-skew kusokoneza.Kwa awiriawiri osiyana, kupotoza kwa skew mkati mwazosiyana ndiko kuchedwa pakati pa mawaya awiri awiri wosiyana, ndipo kupotoza kwa skew pakati pa awiriawiri osiyana ndiko kuchedwa pakati pa magulu awiri amitundu iwiriyo.Kusokonekera kwakukulu kwa ma skew awiriwa kumawonjezera kusinthasintha kwa siginecha yotumizidwa, kuchepetsa matalikidwe a siginecha, kuonjezera jitter ya nthawi ndikuyambitsa zovuta zosokoneza ma electromagnetic.Kusiyana kwa chingwe chamtundu wabwino kupotoza kwamkati kwa skew kuyenera kukhala kosakwana 10ps
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-30-2023