Zoyambira za USB 3.2 (Gawo 1)
Malinga ndi mwambo waposachedwa wa mayina a USB kuchokera ku USB-IF, USB 3.0 yoyambirira ndi USB 3.1 sizidzagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Miyezo yonse ya USB 3.0 idzatchedwa USB 3.2. Muyezo wa USB 3.2 umaphatikizapo ma interfaces onse akale a USB 3.0/3.1. Ma interface a USB 3.1 tsopano akutchedwa USB 3.2 Gen 2, pomwe mawonekedwe oyambilira a USB 3.0 amatchedwa USB 3.2 Gen 1. Poganizira momwe zinthu zikuyendera, liwiro losamutsa la USB 3.2 Gen 1 ndi 5Gbps, USB 3.2 Gen 2 ndi 10Gbps, ndipo USB 3.2 Gen 2×2 ndi 20Gbps. Chifukwa chake, tanthauzo latsopano la USB 3.1 Gen 1 ndi USB 3.0 likhoza kumveka ngati chinthu chomwecho, ndi mayina osiyanasiyana. Gen 1 ndi Gen 2 zimatanthauza njira zosiyanasiyana zolembera ndi kuchuluka kwa magwiritsidwe ntchito a bandwidth, pomwe Gen 1 ndi Gen 1×2 zimasiyana kwambiri malinga ndi njira. Pakadali pano, ma motherboard ambiri apamwamba ali ndi ma interface a USB 3.2 Gen 2×2, ena mwa iwo ndi ma interface a Type-C ndipo ena ndi ma interface a USB. Pakadali pano, ma interface a Type-C ndi ofala kwambiri. Kusiyana pakati pa Gen1, Gen2 ndi Gen3
1. Kuchuluka kwa ma transmission: Kuchuluka kwa ma transmission bandwidth a USB 3.2 ndi 20 Gbps, pomwe a USB 4 ndi 40 Gbps.
2. Njira yotumizira deta: USB 3.2 imatumiza deta kudzera mu njira ya USB, kapena imakonza USB ndi DP kudzera mu DP Alt Mode (njira ina). Ngakhale USB 4 imaphatikiza ma protocol a USB 3.2, DP ndi PCIe m'maphukusi a data pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa tunnel ndikutumiza nthawi imodzi.
3. Kutumiza kwa DP: Zonse ziwiri zimatha kuthandizira DP 1.4. USB 3.2 imakonza zotuluka kudzera mu DP Alt Mode (njira ina); pomwe USB 4 sikuti imangokonza zotuluka kudzera mu DP Alt Mode (njira ina), komanso imatha kuchotsa deta ya DP pochotsa mapaketi a data a protocol ya USB4 tunnel.
4. Kutumiza kwa PCIe: USB 3.2 sikuthandizira PCIe, pomwe USB 4 imagwiranso ntchito. Deta ya PCIe imachotsedwa kudzera mu mapaketi a data a USB4 tunnel protocol.
5. Kutumiza kwa TBT3: USB 3.2 sikuthandizira, koma USB 4 ikuthandizira. Ndi kudzera mu phukusi la data la USB4 tunnel protocol komwe deta ya PCIe ndi DP imachotsedwa.
6. Host to Host: Kulankhulana pakati pa ma host. USB 3.2 siithandiza, koma USB 4 imagwiranso ntchito. Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndichakuti USB 4 imathandizira protocol ya PCIe kuti ithandizire ntchito iyi.
Chidziwitso: Ukadaulo wa Tunneling ukhoza kuonedwa ngati njira yolumikizira deta kuchokera ku ma protocol osiyanasiyana pamodzi, ndipo mtundu wake umasiyanitsidwa kudzera mu mutu wa data packet.
Mu USB 3.2, kutumiza kwa kanema wa DisplayPort ndi deta ya USB 3.2 kumachitika kudzera mu ma adaputala osiyanasiyana a channel, pomwe mu USB 4, kanema wa DisplayPort, deta ya USB 3.2, ndi deta ya PCIe zimatha kutumizidwa kudzera mu channel yomweyo. Uku ndiye kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa ziwirizi. Mutha kuwona chithunzi chotsatirachi kuti mumvetse bwino.
Njira ya USB4 ingaganizidwe ngati njira yomwe imalola mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya magalimoto kudutsa. Deta ya USB, deta ya DP, ndi deta ya PCIe zitha kuonedwa ngati magalimoto osiyanasiyana. Mu njira yomweyo, magalimoto osiyanasiyana amayikidwa pamzere ndipo amayenda mwadongosolo. Njira yomweyo ya USB4 imatumiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya deta mwanjira yomweyo. Deta ya USB3.2, DP, ndi PCIe poyamba imalumikizana ndikutumizidwa kudzera mu njira yomweyo kupita ku chipangizo china, kenako mitundu itatu yosiyanasiyana ya deta imalekanitsidwa.
Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-15-2025

