Chiyambi cha Zolumikizira za Mtundu-C
Mtundu wa USB CYakhala ngati wosewera wotsogola pamsika chifukwa cha zabwino zake zolumikizira ndipo tsopano ili pafupi kufika pamwamba. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwake m'magawo osiyanasiyana sikungalephereke. MacBook ya Apple yapangitsa anthu kuzindikira kusavuta kwa mawonekedwe a USB Type-C komanso yawulula momwe zipangizo zamtsogolo zikuyendera. Masiku akubwerawa, zida zambiri za USB Type-C zidzayambitsidwa. Mosakayikira, mawonekedwe a USB Type-C adzafalikira pang'onopang'ono ndikuyamba kulamulira msika m'zaka zingapo zikubwerazi. Kuphatikiza apo, pazida zam'manja monga mafoni ndi mapiritsi, ili ndi zinthu zingapo zomwe zimathandiza kuyitanitsa mwachangu, kuthamanga kwambiri kwa data, komanso kuthandizira kutulutsa zowonetsera. Ndi yoyenera kwambiri ngati mawonekedwe otulutsa mafoni. Chofunika kwambiri, pali kufunikira kwakukulu kwa mawonekedwe onse kuti awonjezere kulumikizana pakati pazida zosiyanasiyana. Zinthuzi zingapangitse mawonekedwe a Type-C kukhala mawonekedwe ogwirizana amtsogolo, osati m'magawo a mapulogalamu omwe mukuwona!
Ngati yapangidwa mogwirizana ndi miyezo yamakampani ya USB Association, cholumikizira cha USB Type-C chidzakhala chamakono, chopyapyala, komanso chocheperako, choyenera mafoni. Nthawi yomweyo, chiyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za mgwirizanowu mwamphamvu kwambiri komanso choyenera ntchito zosiyanasiyana zamafakitale. Cholumikizira cha USB Type-C chimapereka mawonekedwe osinthika a pulagi; soketi ikhoza kuyikidwa kuchokera mbali iliyonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kulumikizana kukhale kosavuta komanso kodalirika. Cholumikizirachi chifunikanso kuthandizira ma protocol osiyanasiyana ndipo chingakhale chogwirizana ndi HDMI, VGA, DisplayPort, ndi mitundu ina yolumikizira kuchokera ku doko limodzi la USB la C kudzera pa ma adapter. Kuti athetse magwiridwe antchito mu kusokoneza kwa electromagnetic (EMI) ndi malo ena ovuta, ndikofunikira kuganizira zambiri za kapangidwe kake. Ndikofunikira kuti opanga asankhe ogulitsa zolumikizira omwe ali ndi satifiketi ya TID kuti apewe mavuto mu mapulogalamu a terminal!
TheUSB Type-C 3.1mawonekedwe ali ndi ubwino waukulu asanu ndi limodzi:
1) Kugwira ntchito kwathunthu: Kumathandizira deta, mawu, kanema, ndi kuyatsa nthawi imodzi, kumayala maziko a deta yothamanga kwambiri, mawu a digito, makanema apamwamba, kuyatsa mwachangu, komanso kugawana zida zambiri. Chingwe chimodzi chimatha kusintha zingwe zingapo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kale.
2) Kulowetsa kosinthika: Mofanana ndi mawonekedwe a Apple Lightning, kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa doko ndizofanana, zomwe zimathandiza kulowetsa kosinthika.
3) Kutumiza kwa mbali ziwiri: Deta ndi mphamvu zimatha kutumizidwa mbali zonse ziwiri.
4) Kugwirizana kwa kumbuyo: Kudzera mu ma adapter, imatha kugwirizana ndi USB Type-A, Micro-B, ndi ma interface ena.
5) Kukula kochepa: Kukula kwa mawonekedwe ndi 8.3mm x 2.5mm, pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kukula kwa mawonekedwe a USB-A.
6) Liwiro lalikulu: Limagwirizana ndiUSB 3.1protocol, imatha kuthandizira kutumiza deta mpaka 10Gb/s, mongaUSB C 10GbpsndiUSB 3.1 Gen 2miyezo, kukwaniritsa kutumiza mwachangu kwambiri.
Malangizo Olumikizirana a USB PD
USB - Kutumiza Mphamvu (USB PD) ndi njira yolumikizira yomwe imalola kutumiza mphamvu mpaka 100W nthawi imodzi ndi kulumikizana kwa deta kudzera pa chingwe chimodzi; USB Type-C ndi njira yatsopano yolumikizira USB yomwe ingathandize miyezo yatsopano monga USB 3.1 (Gen1 ndi Gen2), Display Port, ndi USB PD; mphamvu yokhazikika yothandizidwa ndi mphamvu yamagetsi ya USB Type-C ndi 5V 3A; ngati USB PD ikugwiritsidwa ntchito mu USB Type-C port, imatha kuthandizira mphamvu ya 240W yomwe yafotokozedwa mu njira ya USB PD, chifukwa chake, kukhala ndi USB Type-C port sikutanthauza kuti imathandizira USB PD; USB PD ikuwoneka ngati njira yolumikizira mphamvu ndi kasamalidwe, koma kwenikweni, imatha kusintha maudindo a madoko, kulumikizana ndi zingwe zogwira ntchito, kulola DFP kukhala chipangizo choperekera magetsi ndi ntchito zina zambiri zapamwamba. Chifukwa chake, zida zomwe zimathandizira PD ziyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ma CC Logic chips (ma E-Mark chips), mwachitsanzo, pogwiritsa ntchitoChingwe cha USB C cha 5A 100Wakhoza kupeza magetsi abwino.
Kuzindikira ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito VBUS ya Mtundu wa USB wa C
USB Type-C yawonjezera ntchito zozindikira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi. Mitundu itatu yatsopano yamagetsi yayambitsidwa: njira yokhazikika ya mphamvu ya USB (500mA/900mA), 1.5A, ndi 3.0A. Mitundu itatu yamagetsi iyi imatumizidwa ndikuzindikirika kudzera mu ma CC pini. Pa ma DFP omwe amafunikira mphamvu yotulutsa magetsi, ma values osiyanasiyana a CC pull-up resistors Rp amafunika kuti izi zitheke. Pa ma UFP, mtengo wamagetsi pa CC pini uyenera kuzindikirika kuti upeze mphamvu yotulutsa magetsi ya DFP ina.
Kuyang'anira ndi Kuzindikira DFP-to-UFP ndi VBUS
DFP ndi doko la USB Type-C lomwe lili pa host kapena hub, lolumikizidwa ku chipangizocho. UFP ndi doko la USB Type-C lomwe lili pa chipangizocho kapena hub, lolumikizidwa ku DFP ya host kapena hub. DRP ndi doko la USB Type-C lomwe limagwira ntchito ngati DFP kapena UFP. DRP imasinthana pakati pa DFP ndi UFP mphindi 50 zilizonse mu standby mode. Mukasinthana kupita ku DFP, payenera kukhala resistor Rp yomwe imakoka ku VBUS kapena current source output pa CC pin. Mukasinthana kupita ku UFP, payenera kukhala resistor Rd yomwe imakoka pansi kupita ku GND pa CC pin. Kusinthaku kuyenera kumalizidwa ndi CC Logic chip.
VBUS imatha kutulutsidwa pokhapokha DFP ikazindikira kuti UFP yayikidwa. UFP ikachotsedwa, VBUS iyenera kuzimitsidwa. Ntchitoyi iyenera kumalizidwa ndi CC Logic chip.
Dziwani: DRP yomwe yatchulidwa pamwambapa ndi yosiyana ndi USB-PD DRP. USB-PD DRP imatanthauza ma power port omwe amagwira ntchito ngati Power Source (wopereka) ndi Sink (wogula), mwachitsanzo, USB Type-C port pa laputopu imathandizira USB-PD DRP, yomwe imagwira ntchito ngati Power Source (polumikiza USB drive kapena foni yam'manja) kapena Sink (polumikiza chowunikira kapena adaputala yamagetsi).
Lingaliro la DRP, lingaliro la DFP, lingaliro la UFP
Kutumiza deta makamaka kumakhala ndi ma seti awiri a zizindikiro zosiyana, TX/RX. CC1 ndi CC2 ndi ma key pin awiri okhala ndi ntchito zambiri:
Pozindikira maulumikizidwe, kusiyanitsa mbali zakutsogolo ndi zakumbuyo, kusiyanitsa DFP ndi UFP, yomwe ndi kasinthidwe ka master-slave ka Vbus, pali mitundu iwiri ya USB Type-C ndi USB Power Delivery.
Kukonza Vconn. Pamene pali chip mu chingwe, CC imodzi imatumiza chizindikiro, ndipo CC inayo imakhala Vconn yamagetsi. Kukonza njira zina, monga polumikiza zowonjezera mawu, DP, PCIE, pali mizere inayi yamagetsi ndi nthaka pa chilichonse, DRP (Dual Role Port): doko la magawo awiri, DRP ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati DFP (Host), UFP (Device), kapena kusinthana pakati pa DFP ndi UFP. Chipangizo cha DRP chodziwika bwino ndi kompyuta (kompyuta ikhoza kugwira ntchito ngati USB host kapena chipangizo choti chidzalitsidwe (Apple's new MacBook Air)), foni yam'manja yokhala ndi ntchito ya OTG (foni yam'manja ikhoza kugwira ntchito ngati chipangizo choti chidzalitsidwe ndikuwerenga deta, kapena ngati host kuti ipereke mphamvu kapena kuwerenga deta kuchokera ku USB drive), power bank (kutulutsa ndi kutchaja kungachitike kudzera mu USB Type-C imodzi, ndiko kuti, doko ili limatha kutulutsa ndi kuchaja).
Njira yodziwika bwino yogwiritsira ntchito host-client (DFP-UFP) ya USB Type-C
Lingaliro la CCpin
CC (Configuration Channel): Configuration Channel, iyi ndi key channel yatsopano yowonjezeredwa mu USB Type-C. Ntchito zake zikuphatikizapo kuzindikira maulumikizidwe a USB, kuzindikira njira yoyenera yolowera, kukhazikitsa ndi kuyang'anira kulumikizana pakati pa zipangizo za USB ndi VBUS, ndi zina zotero.
Pali chotsukira chapamwamba chokokera mmwamba Rp pa CC pin ya DFP, ndi chotsukira chapansi chokokera pansi Rd pa UFP. Ngati sichilumikizidwa, VBUS ya DFP siitulutsa. Pambuyo polumikizana, CC pin imalumikizidwa, ndipo CC pin ya DFP izindikira chotsukira chokokera pansi Rd ya UFP, kusonyeza kuti kulumikizana kwapangidwa. Kenako, DFP idzatsegula Vbus power switch ndi mphamvu yotulutsa ku UFP. Ndi CC pin iti (CC1, CC2) yomwe imazindikira chotsukira chokokera pansi yomwe imatsimikiza njira yolowera ya mawonekedwe, komanso imasinthira RX/TX. Resistance Rd = 5.1k, ndipo resistance Rp ndi mtengo wosatsimikizika. Malinga ndi chithunzi chapitacho, zitha kuwoneka kuti pali mitundu ingapo yamagetsi ya USB Type-C. Momwe mungawasiyanitsire? Zimatengera mtengo wa Rp. Voltage yomwe imapezeka ndi CC pin ndi yosiyana pamene mtengo wa Rp ndi wosiyana, kenako ndikuwongolera DFP end kuti igwiritse ntchito njira yoperekera magetsi. Dziwani kuti ma CC pini awiri omwe ajambulidwa pachithunzi pamwambapa ndi mzere umodzi wokha wa CC mu chingwe chopanda chip.
Nthawi yotumizira: Novembala-03-2025
