Chidziwitso cha Type-C Connectors
USB Type-Cwatulukira ngati wosewera mpira kwambiri pamsika chifukwa cha ubwino wake cholumikizira ndipo tsopano pafupi kufika pamwamba. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwake m'magawo osiyanasiyana sikutha kuyimitsidwa. MacBook ya Apple yapangitsa anthu kuzindikira kusavuta kwa mawonekedwe a USB Type-C ndikuwululanso momwe zida zamtsogolo zikuyendera. M'masiku akubwera, zida zochulukirachulukira za USB Type-C zidzakhazikitsidwa. Mosakayikira, mawonekedwe a USB Type-C adzafalikira pang'onopang'ono ndikuwongolera msika pazaka zingapo zikubwerazi. Kuphatikiza apo, pazida zam'manja monga mafoni ndi mapiritsi, ili ndi zinthu zingapo zomwe zimathandizira kuti azilipiritsa mwachangu, kuthamanga kwambiri kwa data, komanso kuthandizira pazowonetsa. Ndizoyeneranso ngati mawonekedwe opangira zida zam'manja. Chofunika kwambiri, pakufunika kwambiri mawonekedwe apadziko lonse lapansi kuti apititse patsogolo kulumikizana pakati pa zida zosiyanasiyana. Izi zitha kupangitsa mawonekedwe a Type-C kukhala mawonekedwe ogwirizana amtsogolo, osati m'magawo omwe mukuwona!
Ngati zidapangidwa motsatira miyezo yamakampani a USB Association, cholumikizira cha USB Type-C chikuyenera kukhala chowoneka bwino, chowonda, komanso chophatikizika, choyenera pazida zam'manja. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, imayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zamphamvu kwambiri za mgwirizano ndikukhala oyenera ntchito zosiyanasiyana za mafakitale. Cholumikizira cha USB Type-C chimapereka mawonekedwe apulagi osinthika; socket imatha kuyikidwa kuchokera kumbali iliyonse, kukwaniritsa kulumikizana kosavuta komanso kodalirika. Cholumikizirachi chimafunikanso kuthandizira ma protocol angapo ndipo chikhoza kubwerera kumbuyo chogwirizana ndi HDMI, VGA, DisplayPort, ndi mitundu ina yolumikizira kuchokera padoko limodzi la USB lamtundu wa C kudzera pa ma adapter. Kuti muthane ndi magwiridwe antchito a electromagnetic interference (EMI) ndi malo ena ovuta, malingaliro ochulukirapo amafunikira. Ndikofunikira kuti opanga asankhe othandizira olumikizira omwe ali ndi satifiketi ya TID kuti apewe zovuta pazogwiritsa ntchito!
TheUSB Type-C 3.1mawonekedwe ali ndi zabwino zisanu ndi chimodzi:
1) Kugwira ntchito kwathunthu: Imathandizira ma data, ma audio, makanema, ndi kulipiritsa nthawi imodzi, kuyala maziko a data yothamanga kwambiri, ma audio a digito, kanema wotanthauzira kwambiri, kulipira mwachangu, ndikugawana zida zambiri. Chingwe chimodzi chimatha kusintha zingwe zingapo zomwe zidagwiritsidwa ntchito kale.
2) Kuyika kosinthika: Zofanana ndi mawonekedwe a Apple Lightning, kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa doko ndizofanana, kumathandizira kuyika kosinthika.
3) Kutumiza kwa Bidirectional: Deta ndi mphamvu zitha kufalikira mbali zonse ziwiri.
4) Kugwirizana Kwam'mbuyo: Kupyolera mu ma adapter, imatha kukhala yogwirizana ndi USB Type-A, Micro-B, ndi mawonekedwe ena.
5) Kukula kochepa: Kukula kwa mawonekedwe ndi 8.3mm x 2.5mm, pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kukula kwa mawonekedwe a USB-A.
6) Kuthamanga kwakukulu: Kugwirizana ndiUSB 3.1protocol, imatha kuthandizira kutumiza kwa data kwa 10Gb/s, mongaUSB C 10GbpsndiUSB 3.1 Gen 2miyezo, kukwaniritsa kufala kwachangu kwambiri.
Malangizo a USB PD Communication
USB - Power Delivery (USB PD) ndi ndondomeko ya protocol yomwe imathandizira kutumiza kwanthawi imodzi mpaka 100W ya mphamvu ndi kulumikizana kwa data pa chingwe chimodzi; USB Type-C ndi chidziwitso chatsopano cha cholumikizira cha USB chomwe chingathe kuthandizira miyeso yatsopano monga USB 3.1 (Gen1 ndi Gen2), Display Port, ndi USB PD; voteji yokhazikika yokhazikika komanso yomwe ilipo padoko la USB Type-C ndi 5V 3A; ngati USB PD ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pa doko la USB Type-C, imatha kuthandizira mphamvu ya 240W yofotokozedwa mu USB PD, choncho, kukhala ndi doko la USB Type-C sikutanthauza kuti imathandizira USB PD; USB PD ikuwoneka ngati protocol ya kufalitsa mphamvu ndi kasamalidwe, koma kwenikweni, ikhoza kusintha maudindo a doko, kulankhulana ndi zingwe zogwira ntchito, kulola DFP kukhala chipangizo chamagetsi ndi ntchito zina zambiri zapamwamba. Chifukwa chake, zida zomwe zimathandizira PD ziyenera kugwiritsa ntchito tchipisi ta CC Logic (tchipisi ta E-Mark), mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito a5A 100W USB C Chingweamatha kukwaniritsa mphamvu zamagetsi.
USB Type-C VBUS Kuzindikira Panopa ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito
USB Type-C yawonjezera ntchito zodziwikiratu ndikugwiritsa ntchito. Mitundu itatu yatsopano yakhazikitsidwa: mawonekedwe amphamvu a USB (500mA/900mA), 1.5A, ndi 3.0A. Mitundu itatu yapano iyi imafalitsidwa ndikuzindikiridwa kudzera mu zikhomo za CC. Kwa ma DFP omwe amafunikira kuwulutsa kwapakali pano, mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana ya CC pull-up resistors Rp ndiyofunikira kuti izi zitheke. Kwa ma UFP, mtengo wamagetsi pa pini ya CC uyenera kuzindikirika kuti upeze kuthekera kwapakalipano kwa DFP ina.
DFP-to-UFP ndi VBUS Management ndi Kuzindikira
DFP ndi doko la USB Type-C lomwe lili pamtunda kapena pamalopo, olumikizidwa ku chipangizocho. UFP ndi doko la USB Type-C lomwe lili pa chipangizocho kapena pabwalo, lolumikizidwa ndi DFP ya Host kapena hub. DRP ndi doko la USB Type-C lomwe limatha kugwira ntchito ngati DFP kapena UFP. DRP imasintha pakati pa DFP ndi UFP pa 50ms iliyonse mumayendedwe oima. Mukasinthira ku DFP, payenera kukhala chopinga cha Rp chokokera ku VBUS kapena chotuluka pakali pano pa pini ya CC. Mukasinthira ku UFP, payenera kukhala chopinga cha Rd chotsikira ku GND pa pini ya CC. Kusinthaku kuyenera kumalizidwa ndi CC Logic chip.
VBUS imatha kutulutsa kokha DFP ikazindikira kuyika kwa UFP. UFP ikachotsedwa, VBUS iyenera kuzimitsidwa. Ntchitoyi iyenera kumalizidwa ndi CC Logic chip.
Chidziwitso: DRP yomwe yatchulidwa pamwambapa ndi yosiyana ndi USB-PD DRP. USB-PD DRP imatanthawuza madoko amagetsi omwe amakhala ngati Gwero la Mphamvu (wopereka) ndi Sink (wogula), mwachitsanzo, doko la USB Type-C pa laputopu limathandizira USB-PD DRP, yomwe imatha kukhala ngati Gwero la Mphamvu (polumikiza USB drive kapena foni yam'manja) kapena Sink (polumikiza chowunikira kapena chosinthira magetsi).
Lingaliro la DRP, lingaliro la DFP, lingaliro la UFP
Kutumiza kwa data kumakhala ndi ma seti awiri azizindikiro zosiyanitsira, TX/RX. CC1 ndi CC2 ndi mapini awiri ofunikira omwe ali ndi ntchito zambiri:
Kuzindikira maulumikizidwe, kusiyanitsa mbali zakutsogolo ndi kumbuyo, kusiyanitsa pakati pa DFP ndi UFP, yomwe ndi kasinthidwe ka kapolo ka Vbus, pali mitundu iwiri ya USB Type-C ndi USB Power Delivery.
Kupanga Vconn. Pakakhala chip mu chingwe, CC imodzi imatumiza chizindikiro, ndipo CC ina imakhala Vconn. Kukonzekera mitundu ina, monga polumikiza zipangizo zomvetsera, DP, PCIE, pali mphamvu zinayi ndi mizere yapansi pamtundu uliwonse, DRP (Dual Role Port): doko la magawo awiri, DRP angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati DFP (Host), UFP (Chipangizo), kapena kusinthana mwamphamvu pakati pa DFP ndi UFP. Chida chodziwika bwino cha DRP ndi kompyuta (kompyuta imatha kukhala ngati chosungira cha USB kapena chida cholipitsidwa (MacBook Air yatsopano ya Apple)), foni yam'manja yokhala ndi ntchito ya OTG (foni yam'manja imatha kukhala ngati chipangizo cholipiritsa ndikuwerenga data, kapena ngati wolandira kuti apereke mphamvu kapena kuwerenga zambiri kuchokera pa USB drive), banki yamagetsi (kutulutsa ndi kuyitanitsa zitha kuchitidwa kudzera pa USB Type-C imodzi, kutulutsa USB Type-C).
Njira yogwiritsira ntchito kasitomala-kasitomala (DFP-UFP) ya USB Type-C
Chithunzi cha CCpin
CC (Configuration Channel): Configuration Channel, iyi ndi njira yatsopano yowonjezeredwa mu USB Type-C. Ntchito zake zimaphatikizira kuzindikira maulumikizidwe a USB, kuzindikira komwe amalowera, kukhazikitsa ndi kuyang'anira kulumikizana pakati pa zida za USB ndi VBUS, ndi zina zambiri.
Pali cholumikizira chapamwamba cha Rp pa CC pini ya DFP, ndi chotsitsa chotsitsa chotsitsa Rd pa UFP. Ikapanda kulumikizidwa, VBUS ya DFP ilibe zotuluka. Pambuyo pa kulumikizidwa, pini ya CC imalumikizidwa, ndipo phini ya CC ya DFP idzazindikira kukoka-pansi resistor Rd ya UFP, kusonyeza kuti kugwirizana kwapangidwa. Kenako, DFP idzatsegula Vbus power switch ndi mphamvu zotulutsa ku UFP. Ndi pini ya CC (CC1, CC2) yomwe imazindikira chotsutsa chotsitsa chomwe chimatsimikizira komwe amayika mawonekedwe, komanso kusintha RX/TX. Kukaniza Rd = 5.1k, ndipo kukana Rp ndi mtengo wosatsimikizika. Malinga ndi chithunzi cham'mbuyomu, zitha kuwoneka kuti pali mitundu ingapo yamagetsi ya USB Type-C. Kodi kusiyanitsa iwo? Zimatengera mtengo wa Rp. Mpweya wopezeka ndi pini ya CC ndi wosiyana pamene mtengo wa Rp ndi wosiyana, ndiyeno lamulirani mapeto a DFP kuti apereke njira yoperekera mphamvu. Zindikirani kuti zikhomo ziwiri za CC zojambulidwa pachithunzi pamwambapa ndi mzere umodzi wokha wa CC mu chingwe popanda chip.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-03-2025
