Chiyambi cha Kusintha kwa Mafotokozedwe Kuchokera ku HDMI 1.0 Kupita ku HDMI 2.1 (Gawo 2)
HDMI 1.2a
Imagwirizana ndi CEC multi-device control
HDMI 1.2a idatulutsidwa pa Disembala 14, 2005, ndipo idafotokoza bwino za Consumer Electronic Control (CEC), malamulo, ndi mayeso otsatira CEC.
Kusintha pang'ono kwa HDMI 1.2 kunayambitsidwa mwezi womwewo, kuthandizira ntchito zonse za CEC (Consumer Electronic Control), zomwe zinalola kuti zipangizo zogwirizana zizilamuliridwa kwathunthu ndi remote control imodzi ikalumikizidwa kudzera pa HDMI.
Mbadwo waposachedwa wa ma TV, osewera a Blu-ray ndi zida zina zonse zimathandizira ukadaulo wa Deep Color, zomwe zimathandiza kuwonetsa mitundu yowala kwambiri.
Mtundu wa HDMI Type-A, womwe ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa cholumikizira cha HDMI, wakhala ukugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira mtundu wa 1.0 ndipo ukugwiritsidwabe ntchito mpaka pano. Mtundu wa C (mini HDMI) unayambitsidwa mu mtundu wa 1.3, pomwe Mtundu wa D (micro HDMI) unayambitsidwa mu mtundu wa 1.4.
HDMI 1.3
Kuchuluka kwa bandwidth kwawonjezeka kufika pa 10.2 Gbps, kuthandizira Deep Color ndi kutsitsa mawu kwapamwamba
Kusintha kwakukulu komwe kunayambitsidwa mu June 2006 kunawonjezera bandwidth kufika pa 10.2 Gbps, zomwe zinathandiza kuthandizira ukadaulo wa 30bit, 36bit ndi 48bit xvYCC, sRGB kapena YCbCr Deep Color. Kuphatikiza apo, idathandizira kutsitsa kwa audio kwa Dolby TrueHD ndi DTS-HD MA, komwe kumatha kutumizidwa kuchokera ku Blu-ray player kudzera pa HDMI kupita ku amplifier yogwirizana kuti isinthe ma code. HDMI 1.3a, 1.3b, 1.3b1 ndi 1.3c zinali zosintha zazing'ono.
HDMI 1.4
Yothandizidwa ndi 4K/30p, 3D ndi ARC,
HDMI 1.4 ikhoza kuonedwa ngati imodzi mwa mitundu yotchuka kwambiri zaka zingapo zapitazo. Inayambitsidwa mu Meyi 2009 ndipo inali kale ndi resolution ya 4K, koma inali ndi 4,096 × 2,160/24p kapena 3,840 × 2,160/24p/25p/30p. Chaka chimenecho chinalinso chiyambi cha chizolowezi cha 3D, ndipo HDMI 1.4 inali ndi zithunzi za 3D za 1080/24p, 720/50p/60p. Ponena za mawu, inawonjezera ntchito yothandiza kwambiri ya ARC (Audio Return Channel), kulola kuti mawu a TV abwezeretsedwe kudzera pa HDMI ku amplifier kuti atuluke. Inawonjezeranso ntchito yotumizira ma netiweki ya 100Mbps, zomwe zimathandiza kugawana maulumikizidwe a intaneti kudzera pa HDMI.
HDMI 1.4a, 1.4b
Zosintha zazing'ono zomwe zimayambitsa magwiridwe antchito a 3D
Chidwi cha 3D chomwe chinayambitsidwa ndi "Avatar" chapitirirabe. Chifukwa chake, mu Marichi 2010 ndi Okutobala 2011, zosintha zazing'ono za HDMI 1.4a ndi 1.4b zidatulutsidwa motsatana. Zosinthazi makamaka zinali za 3D, monga kuwonjezera mitundu iwiri ina ya 3D yowulutsira ndikuthandizira zithunzi za 3D pamlingo wa 1080/120p.
Kuyambira pa HDMI 2.0, mphamvu ya kanema imathandizira mpaka 4K/60p, yomwe ndi mtundu wa HDMI womwe umagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri m'ma TV ambiri amakono, ma amplifiers, ndi zida zina.
HDMI 2.0
Mtundu weniweni wa 4K, bandwidth yawonjezeka kufika pa 18 Gbps
HDMI 2.0, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu Seputembala 2013, imadziwikanso kuti "HDMI UHD". Ngakhale kuti HDMI 1.4 imathandizira kale makanema a 4K, imangothandizira 30p yochepa. HDMI 2.0 imawonjezera bandwidth kuchokera pa 10.2 Gbps kufika pa 18 Gbps, yomwe imatha kuthandizira makanema a 4K/60p komanso imagwirizana ndi kuzama kwa utoto wa Rec.2020. Pakadali pano, zida zambiri, kuphatikizapo ma TV, ma amplifier, osewera a Blu-ray, ndi zina zotero, zimagwiritsa ntchito mtundu uwu wa HDMI.
HDMI 2.0a
Imathandizira HDR
Kusintha pang'ono kwa HDMI 2.0, komwe kunayambitsidwa mu Epulo 2015, kunawonjezera chithandizo cha HDR. Pakadali pano, ma TV ambiri atsopano omwe amathandizira HDR amagwiritsa ntchito mtundu uwu. Ma amplifiers atsopano amphamvu, osewera a UHD Blu-ray, ndi zina zotero adzakhalanso ndi zolumikizira za HDMI 2.0a. HDMI 2.0b yotsatira ndi mtundu wosinthidwa wa mawonekedwe oyamba a HDR10, omwe amawonjezera Hybrid Log-Gamma, mtundu wa HDR wowulutsa.
Muyezo wa HDMI 2.1 umathandizira makanema okhala ndi resolution ya 8K.
HDMI 2.1 yawonjezera kwambiri bandwidth kufika pa 48Gbps.
HDMI 2.1
Imathandizira kanema wa 8K/60Hz, 4K/120Hz, ndi Dynamic HDR (Dynamic HDR).
Mtundu waposachedwa wa HDMI womwe unayambitsidwa mu Januwale 2017, wokhala ndi bandwidth yowonjezereka kwambiri kufika pa 48Gbps, ukhoza kuthandizira zithunzi mpaka 7,680 × 4,320/60Hz (8K/60p), kapena zithunzi zapamwamba kwambiri za 4K/120Hz. HDMI 2.1 ipitilizabe kufanana ndi mapangidwe oyambilira a HDMI A, C, ndi D ndi mapulagi ena. Kuphatikiza apo, imathandizira ukadaulo watsopano wa Dynamic HDR, womwe ungawongolere kwambiri kusiyana ndi magwiridwe antchito amitundu kutengera kufalikira kwa kuwala kwa chimango chilichonse poyerekeza ndi HDR ya "static" yomwe ilipo. Ponena za mawu, HDMI 2.1 imathandizira ukadaulo watsopano wa eARC, womwe ukhoza kutumiza Dolby Atmos ndi mawu ena ochokera ku Object kubwerera ku chipangizocho.
Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha kusiyanasiyana kwa mitundu ya zida, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zingwe za HDMI zokhala ndi ma interfaces yawonekera, monga Slim HDMI, OD 3.0mm HDMI, Mini HDMI (C-type), Micro HDMI (D-type), komanso Right Angle HDMI, zingwe za 90-degree elbow, Flexible HDMI, ndi zina zotero, zoyenera zochitika zosiyanasiyana. Palinso 144Hz HDMI ya high refresh rate, 48Gbps HDMI ya high bandwidth, ndi HDMI Alternate Mode ya USB Type-C ya mafoni, zomwe zimathandiza kuti ma interface a USB-C atulutse mwachindunji ma signal a HDMI popanda kufunikira ma converter.
Ponena za zipangizo ndi kapangidwe kake, palinso zingwe za HDMI zokhala ndi mapangidwe a zingwe zachitsulo, monga chikwama chachitsulo cha Slim HDMI 8K HDMI, chikwama chachitsulo cha 8K HDMI, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zimawonjezera kulimba komanso kuthekera koletsa kusokoneza kwa zingwe. Nthawi yomweyo, Spring HDMI ndi Flexible HDMI Cable zimaperekanso njira zambiri zogwiritsira ntchito zosiyanasiyana.
Pomaliza, muyezo wa HDMI ukusintha nthawi zonse, kupititsa patsogolo bandwidth, resolution, mtundu, ndi magwiridwe antchito amawu, pomwe mitundu ndi zida za zingwe zikusiyana kwambiri kuti zikwaniritse zosowa za ogula za zithunzi zapamwamba, mawu apamwamba, komanso kulumikizana kosavuta.
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-01-2025
