Chiyambi cha PCIe 6.0

Bungwe la PCI-SIG Organisation lalengeza kutulutsidwa kovomerezeka kwa PCIe 6.0 specification standard v1.0, kulengeza kutha.

Kupitiliza msonkhanowu, liwiro la bandwidth likupitilira kuwirikiza, mpaka 128GB/s(unidirectional) pa x16, ndipo popeza ukadaulo wa PCIe umalola kuyenderera kwathunthu kwapawiri, njira ziwiri zonse ndi 256GB/s. Malinga ndi dongosololi, padzakhala zitsanzo zamalonda 12 kwa miyezi 18 pambuyo pofalitsa muyezo, womwe uli pafupi ndi 2023, uyenera kukhala pa nsanja ya seva poyamba. PCIe 6.0 idzafika kumapeto kwa chaka koyambirira, ndi bandwidth ya 256GB/s.

Kubwerera kuukadaulo womwewo, PCIe 6.0 imawonedwa ngati kusintha kwakukulu m'mbiri ya PCIe pafupifupi zaka 20. Kunena zowona, PCIe 4.0/5.0 ndikusintha kwakung'ono kwa 3.0, monga 128b/130b encoding yotengera NRZ (Non-Return-to-Zero).

PCIe 6.0 idasinthidwa kupita ku PAM4 pulse AM signing, 1B-1B coding, chizindikiro chimodzi chikhoza kukhala ma encoding anayi (00/01/10/11), kuwirikiza kawiri zam'mbuyo, kulola mpaka 30GHz pafupipafupi. Komabe, chifukwa chizindikiro cha PAM4 ndi chofooka kwambiri kuposa NRZ, chimakhala ndi njira yowongolera zolakwika za FEC kuti zikonze zolakwika mu ulalo ndikuwonetsetsa kukhulupirika kwa data.

Kuphatikiza pa PAM4 ndi FEC, teknoloji yayikulu yomaliza mu PCIe 6.0 ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito FLIT (Flow Control Unit) encoding pamlingo womveka. Ndipotu, PAM4, FLIT si teknoloji yatsopano, mu 200G + ultra-high-speed Ethernet yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito, yomwe PAM4 inalephera kukweza kwakukulu chifukwa chake ndi chakuti mtengo wosanjikiza wa thupi ndi wapamwamba kwambiri.

Kuphatikiza apo, PCIe 6.0 imakhalabe yogwirizana kumbuyo.

PCIe 6.0 ikupitirizabe kuwirikiza kawiri bandwidth ya I / O ku 64GT / s malinga ndi mwambo, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito ku PCIe 6.0X1 yeniyeni bandwidth ya 8GB / s, PCIe 6.0 × 16 unidirectional bandwidth ya 128GB / s, ndi pcie 6.0 × 56GB bandwidth. PCIe 4.0 x4 SSDS, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri masiku ano, idzangofunika PCIe 6.0 x1 kuti ichite.

PCIe 6.0 ipitiliza 128b/130b encoding yomwe idayambitsidwa munthawi ya PCIe 3.0. Kuphatikiza pa CRC yoyambirira, ndizosangalatsa kudziwa kuti njira yatsopanoyi imathandiziranso PAM-4 encoding yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu Ethernet ndi GDDR6x, m'malo mwa PCIe 5.0 NRZ. Deta yowonjezera ikhoza kupakidwa mu njira imodzi mu nthawi yofanana, komanso njira yochepetsera zolakwika za data yomwe imadziwika kuti forward error correction (FEC) kuti iwonjezere bandwidth yotheka komanso yodalirika.

Anthu ambiri angafunse, PCIe 3.0 bandwidth nthawi zambiri sagwiritsidwa ntchito, PCIe 6.0 ndi ntchito yotani? Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mapulogalamu omwe ali ndi njala ya data, kuphatikiza luntha lochita kupanga, mayendedwe a IO omwe ali ndi njira zotumizira mwachangu akuchulukirachulukira kufunikira kwamakasitomala pamsika wa akatswiri, ndipo ukadaulo wapamwamba wa bandwidth wa PCIe 6.0 ukhoza kutsegulira bwino magwiridwe antchito omwe amafunikira ma bandwidth apamwamba a IO kuphatikiza ma accelerator, kuphunzira makina ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwa HPC. PCI-SIG ikuyembekezanso kupindula ndi kukula kwamakampani opanga magalimoto, omwe ndi malo otentha kwa ma semiconductors, ndipo gulu la PCI-Special Interest Group lapanga gulu latsopano la PCIe Technology kuti liwonetsetse momwe mungakulitsire kukhazikitsidwa kwaukadaulo wa PCIe pamsika wamagalimoto, monga momwe chilengedwe chikukulirakulira kwa bandwidth ikuwonekera. Komabe, monga microprocessor, GPU, IO chipangizo ndi kusungirako deta akhoza kulumikizidwa ku njira ya deta, PC kuti apeze chithandizo cha mawonekedwe a PCIe 6.0, opanga ma boardboard ayenera kusamala kwambiri kuti akonze chingwe chomwe chingathe kugwiritsira ntchito zizindikiro zothamanga kwambiri, ndipo opanga chipset amafunikanso kukonzekera zoyenera. Mneneri wa Intel anakana kunena kuti chithandizo cha PCIe 6.0 chidzawonjezedwa liti pazida, koma adatsimikiza kuti ogula Alder Lake ndi seva Sapphire Rapids ndi Ponte Vecchio azithandizira PCIe 5.0. NVIDIA idakananso kunena kuti PCIe 6.0 idzayambitsidwa liti. Komabe, BlueField-3 Dpus ya malo opangira data imathandizira kale PCIe 5.0; PCIe Spec imangotchula ntchito, magwiridwe antchito, ndi magawo omwe akuyenera kukhazikitsidwa pagawo lakuthupi, koma safotokoza momwe angagwiritsire ntchito izi. Mwanjira ina, opanga amatha kupanga mawonekedwe a PCIe malinga ndi zosowa zawo komanso momwe zinthu ziliri kuti zitsimikizire kugwira ntchito! Opanga zingwe amatha kusewera malo ambiri!