Universal Serial Bus (USB) mwina ndi amodzi mwamawonekedwe osunthika kwambiri padziko lapansi.Idayambitsidwa ndi Intel ndi Microsoft ndipo imakhala ngati pulagi yotentha ndikusewera momwe mungathere.Chiyambireni kukhazikitsidwa kwa mawonekedwe a USB mu 1994, patatha zaka 26 zachitukuko, kudzera pa USB 1.0/1.1, USB2.0, USB 3.x, pomaliza idapangidwa mpaka pano USB4;Mlingo wotumizira wawonjezekanso kuchokera ku 1.5Mbps kupita ku 40Gbps yaposachedwa.Pakadali pano, osati mafoni anzeru omwe angotulutsidwa kumene omwe amathandizira mawonekedwe a Type-C, komanso makompyuta apakompyuta, makamera a digito, oyankhula anzeru, magetsi am'manja ndi zida zina zayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a USB a TYPE-C, omwe adayambitsidwa bwino. kumunda wamagalimoto.M'malo mwa USB-A, Tesla's Model 3 yatsopano ili ndi madoko a usB-C, ndipo Apple yasinthiratu macBooks ake ndi AirPods Pro kukhala madoko a USB Type-C amtundu wa C kuti asamutsire ndi kulipiritsa.Kuphatikiza apo, malinga ndi zofunikira za eu, apulo idzagwiritsanso ntchito mawonekedwe a USB mtundu-c m'tsogolomu iPhone15, ndipo n'zosakayikitsa kuti USB4 idzakhala mawonekedwe akuluakulu pamsika wamtsogolo.
Zofunikira pazingwe za USB4
Kusintha kwakukulu mu USB4 yatsopano ndikukhazikitsa ndondomeko ya protocol ya Thunderbolt yomwe Intel idagawana ndi usb-if.Kuthamanga pa maulalo apawiri, bandwidth imawirikiza kawiri mpaka 40Gbps, ndipo Tunneling imathandizira ma data angapo ndi ma protocol owonetsera.Zitsanzo zikuphatikizapo PCI Express ndi DisplayPort.Kuonjezera apo, USB4 imasunga kugwirizana kwabwino ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa protocol yatsopano yoyambira, kubwerera kumbuyo kumagwirizana ndi USB3.2 / 3.1 / 3.0 / 2.0, komanso Bingu 3. Zotsatira zake, USB4 yakhala njira yovuta kwambiri ya USB mpaka pano. , kumafuna opanga kuti amvetsetse USB4, USB3.2, USB2.0, USB Type-C ndi USB Power Delivery specifications.Kuphatikiza apo, opanga akuyenera kumvetsetsa za PCI Express ndi DisplayPort, komanso ukadaulo wa HIGH-DEFINITION content protection (HDCP) womwe umagwirizana ndi mawonekedwe a USB4 DisplayPort, komanso zingwe ndi zolumikizira zomwe timazidziwa zili ndi zofunika zapamwamba kwambiri Zofunikira zamagetsi pazingwe za USB4 zomalizidwa.
Mtundu wa coaxial wa USB4 unangobwera kumene
M'nthawi ya USB3.1 10G, opanga ambiri adatengera mawonekedwe a coaxial kuti akwaniritse zofunikira pakuchita pafupipafupi.Mtundu wa Coaxial sunagwiritsidwe ntchito mu mndandanda wa USB m'mbuyomu, mawonekedwe ake ogwiritsira ntchito makamaka Notebook, foni yam'manja, GPS, chida choyezera, ukadaulo wa Bluetooth, ndi zina zambiri. ndi zina, ndi zofunikira zowongolera mtengo wochulukira pamsika, munthawi ya USB3.1 yokhazikika kuti ikwaniritse magwiridwe antchito amsika, koma ndi msika wa USB4 wazomwe zimafunikira pakutumizirana ma frequency apamwamba kwambiri, komanso okwera kwambiri. liwiro kufala amafunikira waya ali amphamvu odana kusokoneza luso ndi kukhazikika magetsi ntchito, Pofuna kuonetsetsa bata la kufala mkulu pafupipafupi, panopa waukulu USB4 akadali waukulu coaxial Baibulo, coaxial kupanga ndi kupanga ndondomeko ndi njira yovuta, kuthetsa kugwiritsa ntchito pafupipafupi komanso kuthamanga kwambiri kumafuna zida zopangira zoyenera komanso njira yopangira yokhwima komanso yokhazikika.Pakupanga kwazinthu, kusankha kwazinthu, magawo azinthu ndi kuwongolera njira, magawo amagetsi a mayeso apadera a labotale amatenga gawo lofunikira, pakukulitsa kwachitukuko cha kapangidwe ka coaxial, kuwonjezera pa (mtengo wazinthu, mtengo wopangira ndalama) zina. zabwino, koma chitukuko cha msika nthawi zonse zimazungulira mmene kukwaniritsa lalikulu mtanda mtengo, Awiri a kupotoza Baibulo wakhala mu kusiyana kwa coaxial kafukufuku chitukuko ndi chitukuko ndi yojambula.
Zitha kuwoneka kuchokera ku mapangidwe a mzere wa coaxial, kuchokera mkati kupita kunja, motsatira: conductor chapakati, insulating layer, out conductive layer (mesh mesh), khungu la waya.Coaxial chingwe ndi gulu lopangidwa ndi ma conductor awiri.Waya wapakati wa chingwe cha coaxial amagwiritsidwa ntchito potumiza ma signature.Ukonde wotchingira zitsulo umakhala ndi magawo awiri: imodzi ndikupereka chipika chaposachedwa cha siginecha ngati malo wamba, ndipo chinacho ndikuletsa kusokoneza kwa phokoso lamagetsi ku siginecha ngati ukonde woteteza.Waya pakati ndi zotchinga maukonde pakati theka-thovu polypropylene kutchinjiriza wosanjikiza, ndi kutchinjiriza wosanjikiza chimatsimikizira makhalidwe kufala kwa chingwe, ndi bwino kuteteza waya pakati, mtengo ndi chifukwa mtengo.
Mtundu wopotoka wa USB4 ukubwera?
Pamene mabwalo amagetsi amagwira ntchito pama frequency apamwamba, mawonekedwe amagetsi azinthu zamagetsi amakhala ovuta kudziwa.Pamene chigawo kukula kapena kukula lonse dera poyerekeza ndi wavelength wa pafupipafupi ntchito ndi wamkulu kuposa mmodzi, dera inductance capacitance mtengo, kapena zigawo zikuluzikulu parasitic zotsatira za katundu katundu ndi zina zotero, ngakhale pamene ife tinali kugwiritsa ntchito waya awiri dongosolo, Basic frequency magawo kuyezetsa sikungakwaniritse zofunikira za makasitomala, ndipo kusinthasintha kuposa mtundu wa coaxial wa kapangidwe kake ndi m'mimba mwake ndi kutali, Chifukwa chiyani sindingathe kuyika ma USB awiriwa m'magulu?Nthawi zambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito chingwe kumachulukirachulukira, kufupikitsa kutalika kwa mafunde a siginecha, komanso kucheperako kwa skew, kumapangitsa kuti pakhale bwino.Komabe, kuphatikizika kwakung'ono kwambiri kumabweretsa kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono komanso kuphulika kwa waya wa insulated core.Mzere wa mzerewo ndi wochepa kwambiri, chiwerengero cha torsion ndi chochuluka, ndipo kupanikizika kwa torsion pa gawolo kumakhazikika kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuwonongeka kwakukulu ndi kuwonongeka kwa kusanjikiza kwazitsulo, ndipo pamapeto pake kumayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa magetsi a magetsi, zomwe zimakhudza ena. zizindikiro zamagetsi monga SRL mtengo ndi attenuation.Pakakhala kukhazikika kwa insulation, mtunda pakati pa ma conductor umasintha nthawi ndi nthawi chifukwa cha kusinthika ndi kuzungulira kwa insulating single line, zomwe zimabweretsa kusinthasintha kwanthawi ndi nthawi kwa impedance.Nthawi yosinthasintha imakhala yayitali.Pakutumiza pafupipafupi, kusintha pang'onopang'ono kumeneku kumatha kuzindikirika ndi mafunde amagetsi ndikusintha mtengo wobwereranso.Mtundu wa USB4 sungagwiritsidwe ntchito m'magulu.
Osati pansi, koma sindikufuna kugwiritsa ntchito imfa yanu coaxial, kotero anthu anayamba kutsimikizira kusiyana USB4 kutchinga njira kuchita mankhwala, kuti kupotoza drawback lalikulu mosavuta anapotoza kondakitala, ndi kusiyana ndi parallel paketi mwachindunji kwa homuweki, pewani sprain ya conductor, monga tonse tikudziwa, pakali pano AMAGWIRITSA NTCHITO kusiyana kwa SAS, SFP + ndi zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamzere wothamanga kwambiri, Zokwanira kusonyeza kuti ntchito yake iyenera kukhala yapamwamba kusiyana ndi mtundu wokhazikika, gawo lofunika kwambiri la mzere wa data Kutumiza zizindikiro za data, koma tikamagwiritsa ntchito mozungulira zitha kuwoneka mitundu yonse yazidziwitso zosokoneza.Tiyeni tiganizire ngati zizindikiro zosokonezazi zimalowa mkati mwa woyendetsa mzere wa deta ndikukwera pamwamba pa chizindikiro choyambirira, kodi n'zotheka kusokoneza kapena kusintha chizindikiro choyambirira chomwe chimafalitsidwa, motero kumayambitsa kutaya kwa chizindikiro kapena mavuto?Ndipo kusiyana kwa aluminiyumu zojambulazo wosanjikiza ndi kusamutsa zambiri kwa ife kuchita mbali ya zoteteza ndi zotchinga, ntchito kuchepetsa kusokonezedwa kunja popanda zizindikiro paokha kufala, chachikulu phukusi lamba zakuthupi ndi zotayidwa zojambulazo kukoka ndi ntchito zotayidwa zojambulazo kusindikiza ndi kutchinga. , zokutira kumbali imodzi kapena ziwiri pa filimu ya pulasitiki, lu: su composite zojambulazo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chishango cha chingwe.Chingwe zojambulazo amafuna mafuta ochepa pamwamba, palibe mabowo ndi mkulu mawotchi katundu.Njira yokulunga ndikusonkhanitsa mawaya awiri otsekeredwa pachimake ndi mawaya apansi pamodzi kudzera pamakina okulungira.Pa nthawi yomweyo, wosanjikiza zojambulazo aluminiyamu ndi wosanjikiza wodzimatira poliyesita tepi pa mkate wakunja ntchito kutchinga mawaya awiri ndi kukhazikika dongosolo kukulunga mawaya pachimake.Njirayi imakhala ndi mphamvu yofunikira pakupanga mawaya, kuphatikiza kutsekeka, kuchedwa kusiyanasiyana, kuchepetsedwa, chifukwa izi ziyenera kutulutsa mosamalitsa ndi zofunikira zaluso, kuyesa zinthu zamagetsi, kuti zitsimikizire kuti waya wokulirapo akugwirizana ndi zofunikira.Inde, si mizere yonse ya deta yomwe ili ndi zigawo ziwiri zotetezera.Zina zimakhala ndi zigawo zingapo, zina zimakhala ndi gawo limodzi lokha, kapena palibe.Shielding ndikulekanitsa kwachitsulo pakati pa zigawo ziwiri zapadziko lapansi kuti ziwongolere kulowetsedwa ndi ma radiation amagetsi, maginito ndi mafunde amagetsi kuchokera kudera lina kupita ku lina.Kunena zowona, kokitala pachimake chazunguliridwa ndi thupi lotchinga kuti asakhudzidwe ndi gawo lakunja lamagetsi / chizindikiro chosokoneza, komanso kupewa kusokoneza gawo lamagetsi / chizindikiro kuti chisafalikire kunja.Kuyesa kwa ma frequency a USB kungafanane ndi coaxial, chingwe chosiyanitsa cha USB4 chikubwera.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-16-2022
