Universal Serial Bus (USB) mwina ndi amodzi mwamawonekedwe osunthika kwambiri padziko lapansi. Idayambitsidwa ndi Intel ndi Microsoft ndipo imakhala ngati pulagi yotentha ndikusewera momwe mungathere. Chiyambireni kukhazikitsidwa kwa mawonekedwe a USB mu 1994, patatha zaka 26 zachitukuko, kudzera pa USB 1.0/1.1, USB2.0, USB 3.x, pomaliza idapangidwa mpaka pano USB4; Mlingo wotumizira wawonjezekanso kuchokera ku 1.5Mbps kupita ku 40Gbps yaposachedwa. Pakadali pano, sikuti mafoni anzeru omwe angoyambitsidwa kumene omwe amathandizira mawonekedwe a Type-C, komanso makompyuta apakompyuta, makamera a digito, oyankhula anzeru, magetsi am'manja ndi zida zina zayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a USB a TYPE-C, omwe adalowetsedwa bwino m'munda wamagalimoto. M'malo mwa USB-A, Tesla's Model 3 yatsopano ili ndi madoko a usB-C, ndipo Apple yasinthiratu macBooks ake ndi AirPods Pro kukhala madoko a USB Type-C amtundu wa C kuti asamutsire ndi kulipiritsa. Kuphatikiza apo, malinga ndi zofunikira za eu, apulo idzagwiritsanso ntchito mawonekedwe a USB mtundu-c m'tsogolomu iPhone15, ndipo n'zosakayikitsa kuti USB4 idzakhala mawonekedwe akuluakulu pamsika wamtsogolo.
Zofunikira pazingwe za USB4
Kusintha kwakukulu mu USB4 yatsopano ndikukhazikitsa ndondomeko ya protocol ya Thunderbolt yomwe Intel idagawana ndi usb-ngati. Kuthamanga pa maulalo apawiri, bandwidth imawirikiza kawiri mpaka 40Gbps, ndipo Tunneling imathandizira ma data angapo ndi ma protocol owonetsera. Zitsanzo zikuphatikizapo PCI Express ndi DisplayPort. Kuonjezera apo, USB4 imasunga kugwirizana bwino ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa ndondomeko yatsopano yoyambira, kukhala kumbuyo yogwirizana ndi USB3.2 / 3.1 / 3.0 / 2.0, komanso Bingu 3. Chotsatira chake, USB4 yakhala njira yovuta kwambiri ya USB mpaka pano, yomwe ikufuna kuti okonza amvetsetse USB4, USB3.2, USB2. Kuphatikiza apo, opanga akuyenera kumvetsetsa katchulidwe ka PCI Express ndi DisplayPort, komanso ukadaulo wa HIGH-DEFINITION content protection (HDCP) womwe umagwirizana ndi mawonekedwe a USB4 DisplayPort, ndipo zingwe ndi zolumikizira zomwe timazidziwa zili ndi zofunika zapamwamba kwambiri kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira zamagetsi pazingwe za USB4 zomwe zidamalizidwa.
Mtundu wa coaxial wa USB4 unangobwera kumene
M'nthawi ya USB3.1 10G, opanga ambiri adatengera mawonekedwe a coaxial kuti akwaniritse zofunikira pakuchita pafupipafupi. Baibulo Coaxial sanali ntchito mu USB zino kale, zochitika ake ntchito makamaka Notebook, foni yam'manja, GPS, choyezera chida, luso Bluetooth, etc. General ntchito ya kufotokoza chingwe ndi mankhwala coaxial mzere, teflon coaxial magetsi mzere, Radio mafupipafupi coaxial waya, etc., ndi msika chochuluka amafuna kulamulira mtengo, mu USB3.1 msika mwamsanga kukumana ndi nthawi ya mankhwala, koma occupy msika ndi nthawi ya occupy msika kukumana ndi nthawi ya mankhwala, teflon coaxial magetsi, ndi zina zotero. Msika wa USB4 wazomwe zimafunikira kufala kwapafupipafupi kwambiri komanso mwamphamvu kwambiri, ndipo waya wothamanga kwambiri amafunikira mawaya ali ndi mphamvu zotsutsana ndi zosokoneza komanso kukhazikika kwamagetsi, Kuti atsimikizire kukhazikika kwa kufalikira kwapang'onopang'ono, USB4 yodziwika bwino akadali mtundu waukulu wa coaxial, kupanga coaxial ndi kupanga ndi njira yovuta, kuti athetse ma frequency apamwamba komanso kukhazikika kwa zida zogwiritsira ntchito kumafuna kukhwima koyenera komanso kuthamanga kwa zida zogwiritsira ntchito. Popanga zinthu, kusankha kwazinthu, magawo azinthu ndi kuwongolera njira, magawo amagetsi a mayeso apadera a labotale amatenga gawo lalikulu, panthawi yonse yachitukuko cha kapangidwe ka coaxial, kuwonjezera pa (mtengo wazinthu, mtengo wopangira mtengo wokwera mtengo) zina ndi zabwino, koma kukula kwa msika nthawi zonse kumayang'ana momwe mungakwaniritsire mtengo waukulu wa batch, Gulu la zopindika la kafukufuku wanthawi zonse zakhala zikuyenda bwino.
Zitha kuwoneka kuchokera ku mapangidwe a mzere wa coaxial, kuchokera mkati kupita kunja, motsatira: conductor chapakati, insulating layer, out conductive layer (mesh mesh), khungu la waya. Coaxial chingwe ndi gulu lopangidwa ndi ma conductor awiri. Waya wapakati wa chingwe cha coaxial amagwiritsidwa ntchito potumiza zizindikiro. Ukonde wotchingira zitsulo umakhala ndi magawo awiri: imodzi ndikupereka chipika chaposachedwa cha siginecha ngati malo wamba, ndipo chinacho ndikuletsa kusokoneza kwa phokoso lamagetsi ku siginecha ngati ukonde woteteza. Waya pakati ndi zotchinga maukonde pakati theka-thovu polypropylene kutchinjiriza wosanjikiza, ndi kutchinjiriza wosanjikiza chimatsimikizira makhalidwe kufala kwa chingwe, ndi bwino kuteteza waya pakati, mtengo ndi chifukwa mtengo.
Mtundu wopotoka wa USB4 ukubwera?
Pamene mabwalo amagetsi amagwira ntchito pama frequency apamwamba, mawonekedwe amagetsi azinthu zamagetsi amakhala ovuta kudziwa. Pamene chigawo kukula kapena kukula lonse dera poyerekeza ndi wavelength wa pafupipafupi ntchito ndi wamkulu kuposa mmodzi, dera inductance capacitance mtengo, kapena zigawo zikuluzikulu parasitic zotsatira za katundu katundu ndi zina zotero, ngakhale pamene ife tinali kugwiritsa ntchito waya awiri dongosolo, zofunika pafupipafupi magawo kuyezetsa ndi sangathe kukwaniritsa zofunika za makasitomala, ndi kusinthasintha kuposa Baibulo coaxial wa kapangidwe, N'chifukwa chiyani USB awiri sangagwiritse ntchito m'mimba mwake kutali ndi kapangidwe? Nthawi zambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito chingwe kumachulukirachulukira, kufupikitsa kutalika kwa mafunde a siginecha, komanso kucheperako kwa skew, kumapangitsa kuti pakhale bwino. Komabe, kuphatikizika kwakung'ono kwambiri kumabweretsa kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono komanso kuphulika kwa waya wa insulated core. Mzere wa mzerewo ndi wochepa kwambiri, chiwerengero cha torsion ndi chochuluka, ndipo kupsyinjika kwa torsion pa gawoli kumakhazikika kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mapindikidwe aakulu ndi kuwonongeka kwa wosanjikiza, ndipo pamapeto pake kumayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa magetsi, zomwe zimakhudza zizindikiro zina zamagetsi monga mtengo wa SRL ndi kuchepetsa. Pakakhala kukhazikika kwa insulation, mtunda pakati pa ma conductor umasintha nthawi ndi nthawi chifukwa cha kusinthika ndi kuzungulira kwa insulating single line, zomwe zimabweretsa kusinthasintha kwanthawi ndi nthawi kwa impedance. Nthawi yosinthasintha imakhala yayitali. Pakutumiza pafupipafupi, kusintha pang'onopang'ono kumeneku kumatha kuzindikirika ndi mafunde amagetsi ndikukhudza mtengo wobwereranso. Mtundu wa USB4 sungagwiritsidwe ntchito m'magulu.
Osati pansi, koma sindikufuna kugwiritsa ntchito imfa yanu coaxial, kotero anthu anayamba kutsimikizira kusiyana USB4 chishango njira kuchita mankhwala, kuti kupotoza drawback lalikulu mosavuta anapotoza kondakitala, ndi kusiyana ndi parallel paketi mwachindunji kwa homuweki, kupewa kondakitala sprain, monga ife tonse tikudziwa, panopa AMAGWIRITSA NTCHITO kusiyana kwa SAS, SFP + etc kusonyeza liwiro la SAS, SFP + etc kusonyeza liwiro lapamwamba, SFP + etc. stranded version, gawo lofunika kwambiri la mzere wafupipafupi wa deta ndi kutumiza zizindikiro za deta, koma tikamagwiritsa ntchito pozungulira zikhoza kuwoneka mitundu yonse ya zidziwitso zosokoneza. Tiyeni tiganizire ngati zizindikiro zosokonezazi zimalowa mkati mwa woyendetsa mzere wa deta ndikukwera pamwamba pa chizindikiro choyambirira, kodi n'zotheka kusokoneza kapena kusintha chizindikiro choyambirira chomwe chimafalitsidwa, motero kumayambitsa kutaya kwa chizindikiro kapena mavuto? Ndipo kusiyana kwa zotayidwa zojambulazo wosanjikiza ndi kusamutsa zambiri kwa ife kuchita mbali ya zoteteza ndi zotchinga, ntchito kuchepetsa kusokonezedwa ndi zizindikiro kunja palokha kufala, chachikulu phukusi lamba zakuthupi ndi zotayidwa zojambulazo Chikoka ndi ntchito zotayidwa zojambulazo kusindikiza ndi kutchinga, mbali imodzi kapena mbali ziwiri ❖ kuyanika pa filimu pulasitiki, lu: supo lopangidwa ngati chingwe zojambulazo shie. Chingwe zojambulazo amafuna mafuta ochepa pamwamba, palibe mabowo ndi mkulu mawotchi katundu. Njira yokulunga ndikusonkhanitsa mawaya awiri otsekeredwa pachimake ndi mawaya apansi pamodzi kudzera pamakina okulungira. Pa nthawi yomweyo, wosanjikiza zojambulazo aluminiyamu ndi wosanjikiza wodzimatira poliyesita tepi pa mkate wakunja ntchito kutchinga mawaya awiri ndi kukhazikika dongosolo kukulunga mawaya pachimake. Njirayi imakhala ndi mphamvu yofunikira pakupanga mawaya, kuphatikiza kutsekeka, kuchedwa kusiyanasiyana, kuchepetsedwa, chifukwa izi ziyenera kutulutsa mosamalitsa ndi zofunikira zaluso, kuyesa zinthu zamagetsi, kuti zitsimikizire kuti waya wokulirapo akugwirizana ndi zofunikira. Inde, si mizere yonse ya deta yomwe ili ndi zigawo ziwiri zotetezera. Zina zimakhala ndi zigawo zingapo, zina zimakhala ndi gawo limodzi lokha, kapena palibe. Shielding ndi chitsulo cholekanitsa pakati pa zigawo ziwiri zapadziko lapansi kuti ziwongolere kulowetsedwa ndi ma radiation amagetsi, maginito ndi mafunde amagetsi kuchokera kudera lina kupita ku lina. Kunena zowona, kokitala pachimake chazunguliridwa ndi thupi lotchinga kuti asakhudzidwe ndi gawo lakunja lamagetsi / chizindikiro chosokoneza, komanso kupewa kusokoneza gawo lamagetsi / chizindikiro kuti chisafalikire kunja. Kuyesa kwa ma frequency a USB kungafanane ndi coaxial, chingwe chosiyanitsa cha USB4 chikubwera.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-16-2022
