Chingwe cha HDMI cha A kupita ku ngodya yakumanja cha Mini HDMI

Kusanthula kwakukulu kwa chingwe cha HDMI

HDMI ndi mawonekedwe a digito ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ogula zamagetsi ndi makompyuta. Imatha kutumiza zizindikiro zamawu ndi makanema osakanizidwa. Chifukwa zizindikiro zamawu ndi makanema zimatumizidwa mu chingwe chomwecho, kuchuluka kwa zingwe zolumikizirana kumakhala kosavuta kwambiri, ndipo ndizodziwika bwino m'zida zapakhomo ndi pakompyuta. Kuyambira pomwe idayamba, HDMI yapanga mitundu ingapo, kuyambira HDMI 1.1 mpaka HDMI 1.4. Ngakhale mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe sanasinthe, koma ntchito ndi bandwidth zasinthidwa bwino. Mtundu waukulu wa mawonekedwe a HDMI ndi HDMI 1.3 (A, B, C), koma chifukwa cha kutchuka kwa makanema a 3D, zida zambiri za HDMI 1.4 zayambitsidwa, zomwe zimakhala zinthu zofunika kwambiri zotsatsira mabanja osiyanasiyana. HDMI 1.4 imabweretsa zinthu zingapo zatsopano, kuphatikiza njira ya HDMI Ethernet, njira yobweza mawu, ntchito yosewera makanema ya HDMI 3D, ndi chithandizo cha 4k2k chapamwamba kwambiri. Pa chingwe, panalibe mtundu wa HDMI kale. Mwachitsanzo, zingwe za HDMI 1.1 ndi HDMI 1.3 ndizofanana, koma mu HDMI 1.4, chingwecho chili ndi zosintha zina. Mtundu wa HDMI uli ndi mitundu isanu ya zingwe, iliyonse ili ndi mawonekedwe osiyana a ntchito ndi magwiridwe antchito. HDMI 1.4 yagawidwa m'mitundu isanu: HDMI yokhazikika, HDMI yokhazikika yokhala ndi Ethernet, HDMI yamagalimoto, HDMI yothamanga kwambiri, ndi HDMI yothamanga kwambiri yokhala ndi Ethernet. Zingwe zokhazikika za HDMI zimathandizira 1080p, pomwe chithandizo cha HDMI chothamanga kwambiri chimaphatikizapo 4k2k, kanema wa 3D, mtundu wakuda ndi ukadaulo wina wapamwamba wowonetsera. Mzerewu kwenikweni ndi mtundu wakale wa HDMI 1.3, ndipo zofunikira zawo za bandwidth zili mkati mwa bandwidth yoperekedwa ndi HDMI 1.3. Koma HDMI yothamanga kwambiri yokhala ndi ntchito ya Ethernet ilinso ndi njira yapadera ya data, yomwe ndi njira ya HDMI Ethernet yomwe imapereka ntchito ya netiweki pakati pa zida. Kapangidwe ka chingwe kasintha, monga momwe zidzanenedwera mtsogolo. Miyezo ya HDMI imatchulanso zilembo zotsimikizira za mitundu isanu ya zingwezi. Mu chitsanzo ichi chowunikira, tinasankhanso zingwe zina zotchedwa HDMI 1.4, koma palibe imodzi mwa izo yomwe idatsatira miyezo ya HDMI. Kawirikawiri mawonekedwe ofala kwambiri a HDMI ndi mtundu A wokhala ndi m'lifupi mwa 13.9mm ndi ma pin 19, pomwe pali mawonekedwe osowa a double-link type B okhala ndi m'lifupi mwa 21.2 mm, HDMI imagwiritsa ntchito njira zinayi zofananira za TMDS differential signal, ndipo ulalo wotumizira umapangidwa ndi njira zitatu za data ndi njira imodzi ya wotchi. Njira zitatu za data zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutumiza zizindikiro za data zofiira, zobiriwira, ndi zabuluu, ndipo njira yachinayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutumiza wotchi, yomwe ma frequency ake ndi 1/10 ya liwiro la data. Pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa TMDS wa HDMI, mphamvu ya common mode bias ya chizindikiro chosiyana ndi 3.3V, port impedance ndi 50 ohm, mphamvu ya amplitude yoyesedwa imadumpha kufika pa 500mV (2.8V ~ 3.3V ~ 3.3 V), ndipo mphamvu ya voltage swing imasiyana kuyambira 150mV ~ 800mV. Kuphatikiza apo, pali zizindikiro zolumikizirana za mbali ziwiri zomwe zimatumizidwa kudzera mu data ya DDC (display data channel) ndi mizere ya wotchi, ndi zizindikiro za HDCP (high-bandwidth digital copyright protection) mu HDMI. Basi ya DDC ndiye chinsinsi cha kugwirizanitsa HDMI.